Ansys Fluent - Multiphase Flow (Free surface)

Written by cfd.ninja
A free surface problem has two immiscible fluids, usually air and water, sharing the domain with a sharp interface between them. Dam breaks, tank filling, sloshing, spillways and open channels all fall in this category.
The Volume of Fluid model is the standard approach. Instead of tracking the interface as a geometric surface, it solves a transport equation for the volume fraction of each phase in every cell, and the interface appears wherever that fraction goes from one to zero. One momentum equation is shared, with density and viscosity weighted by the fractions present.
Two settings decide whether the interface stays crisp. The time step must keep the Courant number low, so that the interface moves less than one cell per step, and the mesh must be fine enough where the surface travels. If the interface smears over several cells, the cause is almost always one of those two.


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